Application goal: Using already and by the time.
Use had with a past participle to show that one event happened before another past event. It is not needed in every narrative when the order is already clear.
Context: A missed departure. Identify the wording that achieves this goal, then adapt the details to a situation of your own.
Use had with a past participle to show that one event happened before another past event. It is not needed in every narrative when the order is already clear.
Context: A missed departure. Identify the wording that achieves this goal, then adapt the details to a situation of your own.
Practical examples
The station assistant explained which platform I needed.
شرح لي موظف المحطة الرصيف الذي أحتاج إليه.
By the time I called my colleague, she had already arrived at our destination.
بحلول اتصالي بزميلتي، كانت قد وصلت إلى وجهتنا بالفعل.
She used the extra time to collect the conference materials for both of us.
استغلت الوقت الإضافي لاستلام مواد المؤتمر لكلينا.