Explaining improved performance · Distinguishing association from causation

Distinguishing association from causation in context, with bilingual examples and practice.

Application goal: Distinguishing association from causation.

May, appears to and suggests help match a claim to the strength of its evidence. Use hedging precisely, rather than hiding missing information or weakening every statement.

Context: Explaining improved performance. Identify the wording that achieves this goal, then adapt the details to a situation of your own.

Practical examples

Processing times fell after the new checklist was introduced, which may indicate that it improved efficiency.

انخفضت أوقات المعالجة بعد إدخال قائمة التحقق الجديدة، مما قد يدل على أنها حسنت الكفاءة.

It is also possible that staff became more familiar with the work during the same period.

ومن الممكن أيضًا أن يكون الموظفون قد أصبحوا أكثر اعتيادًا على العمل خلال الفترة نفسها.

The available figures do not allow us to separate these influences confidently.

لا تسمح لنا الأرقام المتاحة بالفصل بين هذه التأثيرات بثقة.

Check your understanding

1. Choose the closest Arabic meaning of this expression: Processing times fell after the new checklist was introduced, which may indicate that it improved efficiency.
2. Choose the English expression that matches this meaning: لا تسمح لنا الأرقام المتاحة بالفصل بين هذه التأثيرات بثقة.